1. What is Conservation of Momentum?

The principle of conservation of momentum states that the total momentum of a closed system remains constant unless acted upon by an external force. This fundamental law of physics applies to collisions and interactions between objects.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the momentum equation:

Where:

• \( p_{total} \) — Total momentum of the system (kg·m/s)
• \( m_1 \) — Mass of object 1 (kg)
• \( v_1 \) — Velocity of object 1 (m/s)
• \( m_2 \) — Mass of object 2 (kg)
• \( v_2 \) — Velocity of object 2 (m/s)

Explanation: The equation calculates the vector sum of the momenta of all objects in the system.

3. Importance of Momentum Calculation

Details: Momentum calculations are essential for analyzing collisions, rocket propulsion, particle physics, and many other physical phenomena where interactions between objects occur.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter masses in kilograms and velocities in meters per second. Remember that velocity is a vector quantity - use positive/negative values to indicate direction.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the unit of momentum?
A: The SI unit of momentum is kilogram-meter per second (kg·m/s).

Q2: Does momentum depend on direction?
A: Yes, momentum is a vector quantity that depends on both magnitude and direction.

Q3: How is momentum conserved in collisions?
A: In any collision (elastic or inelastic), the total momentum before collision equals the total momentum after collision.

Q4: What's the difference between momentum and kinetic energy?
A: Momentum depends on velocity (p=mv) while kinetic energy depends on velocity squared (KE=½mv²). Both are conserved in elastic collisions, but only momentum is conserved in inelastic collisions.

Q5: Can momentum be negative?
A: Yes, momentum can be negative when the velocity is in the opposite direction of your chosen coordinate system.