1. What is Density?

Density is a physical property of matter defined as mass per unit volume. It's a fundamental concept in chemistry and physics that helps identify substances and understand their properties.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the density equation:

Where:

• \( D \) — Density (g/cm³)
• \( M \) — Mass (g)
• \( V \) — Volume (cm³)

Explanation: The equation shows the direct relationship between mass and density, and the inverse relationship between volume and density.

3. Importance of Density Calculation

Details: Density is crucial for identifying substances, calculating buoyancy, designing materials, and in many industrial processes like quality control and material selection.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter mass in grams and volume in cubic centimeters. Both values must be positive numbers. For accurate results, measure mass and volume precisely.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What are common units for density?
A: Common units include g/cm³ (solids/liquids), g/mL (liquids), and kg/m³ (gases). 1 g/cm³ equals 1 g/mL.

Q2: Why does ice float on water?
A: Ice has lower density than liquid water (0.92 g/cm³ vs 1.00 g/cm³) due to its crystalline structure.

Q3: How does temperature affect density?
A: Generally, substances expand when heated (increasing volume), thus decreasing density. Water is an exception between 0-4°C.

Q4: What's the densest naturally occurring element?
A: Osmium is the densest natural element at 22.59 g/cm³ under standard conditions.

Q5: How is density used in real-world applications?
A: Applications include purity testing, buoyancy calculations, petroleum industry measurements, and material science research.