1. What is the Dilution Equation?

The dilution equation (C1 × V1 = C2 × V2) describes the relationship between concentrations and volumes before and after dilution. It's based on the principle of mass conservation, where the amount of solute remains constant before and after dilution.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the dilution equation:

Where:

• \( C1 \) — Initial concentration (mol/L)
• \( V1 \) — Initial volume (L)
• \( C2 \) — Final concentration (mol/L)
• \( V2 \) — Final volume (L)

Explanation: The equation states that the product of initial concentration and volume equals the product of final concentration and volume after dilution.

3. Importance of Dilution Calculations

Details: Accurate dilution calculations are essential for preparing solutions of desired concentrations in chemistry, biology, medicine, and various industrial applications.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter any three known values (leaving one field empty) to calculate the fourth value. All values must be positive numbers. Concentrations are typically in mol/L and volumes in liters, but other consistent units can be used.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Can I use different units with this calculator?
A: Yes, as long as you're consistent with your units (e.g., all volumes in mL, all concentrations in mM).

Q2: Why does the equation work?
A: It's based on the conservation of mass - the amount of solute remains constant before and after dilution.

Q3: What if I need to do serial dilutions?
A: Apply the equation sequentially for each dilution step, using the previous step's final concentration as the new initial concentration.

Q4: Does this work for non-ideal solutions?
A: For most practical purposes, yes. Significant deviations from ideal behavior might require adjustments.

Q5: Can this calculate dilution factors?
A: Yes, the dilution factor is V2/V1 (or C1/C2).