1. What is Molarity?

Molarity (M) is a measure of the concentration of a solute in a solution, defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. It's one of the most commonly used units of concentration in chemistry.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the molarity formula:

Where:

• \( M \) — Molarity (mol/L)
• \( n \) — Amount of substance (moles)
• \( V \) — Volume of solution (liters)

Explanation: The formula calculates how concentrated a solution is by dividing the number of moles of solute by the total volume of the solution.

3. Importance of Molarity Calculation

Details: Molarity is crucial for preparing solutions with precise concentrations, performing chemical reactions with accurate stoichiometry, and calculating dilutions in laboratory and industrial settings.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the amount of substance in moles and the volume in liters. Both values must be positive numbers. For best results, use precise measurements.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's the difference between molarity and molality?
A: Molarity is moles per liter of solution, while molality is moles per kilogram of solvent. Molarity changes with temperature, molality doesn't.

Q2: How do I convert grams to moles?
A: Divide the mass in grams by the molar mass of the substance (g/mol).

Q3: What are typical molarity values?
A: Concentrations range from millimolar (mM) to molar (M) depending on application. Physiological saline is about 0.154 M NaCl.

Q4: How does dilution affect molarity?
A: Diluting a solution decreases its molarity proportionally to the dilution factor (M₁V₁ = M₂V₂).

Q5: When is molarity not appropriate?
A: For temperature-sensitive work or when solution density changes significantly, molality may be preferred.