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Concentration Equation:
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The concentration equation (C = n/V) calculates the molar concentration of a solution, which is the amount of solute (in moles) divided by the volume of the solution (in liters). It's a fundamental concept in chemistry for preparing solutions and performing quantitative analysis.
The calculator uses the concentration equation:
Where:
Explanation: The equation shows the direct relationship between the amount of solute and concentration, and the inverse relationship between volume and concentration.
Details: Accurate concentration calculations are essential for preparing chemical solutions, conducting experiments, pharmaceutical preparations, and industrial processes where precise chemical ratios are critical.
Tips: Enter the amount of substance in moles and volume in liters. Both values must be positive numbers. The calculator will compute the concentration in mol/L (molarity).
Q1: What's the difference between molarity and molality?
A: Molarity (C = n/V) is moles per liter of solution, while molality is moles per kilogram of solvent. Molarity is temperature-dependent (volume changes with temperature), while molality is not.
Q2: How do I convert between different concentration units?
A: Conversions require knowing the solution density and molecular weight. For example, to convert from g/L to mol/L, divide by the molecular weight.
Q3: What are typical concentration ranges?
A: Concentrations vary widely: from concentrated solutions (10-18 M for some acids) to very dilute solutions (nanomolar or picomolar in biological systems).
Q4: How does dilution affect concentration?
A: Dilution decreases concentration proportionally. The dilution equation is C1V1 = C2V2, where C1 and V1 are initial concentration and volume, and C2 and V2 are after dilution.
Q5: When is this equation not applicable?
A: For non-ideal solutions where interactions between solute particles affect the effective concentration, or when dealing with very high concentrations where volume changes occur.