Home
Back
Normality to Molarity Formula:
| From: | To: |
Normality (N) and molarity (M) are both measures of chemical concentration. Normality takes into account the number of equivalents per mole of substance, while molarity is simply moles per liter. This conversion is important in analytical chemistry and titrations.
The calculator uses the simple formula:
Where:
Explanation: The formula converts between the two concentration units by accounting for the number of reactive units (equivalents) in the substance.
Details: Understanding both normality and molarity is crucial for accurate solution preparation, especially in redox reactions and acid-base chemistry where the number of reactive sites matters.
Tips: Enter the normality value and the number of equivalents (valence factor) for your substance. For acids, this is the number of H+ ions; for bases, the number of OH- ions; for redox reactions, the number of electrons transferred.
Q1: What's the difference between molarity and normality?
A: Molarity is moles per liter, while normality is equivalents per liter. Normality accounts for the chemical reactivity of the substance.
Q2: When should I use normality instead of molarity?
A: Normality is particularly useful in titration calculations and when comparing substances with different numbers of reactive sites.
Q3: How do I determine the number of equivalents?
A: For acids/bases, it's the number of H+/OH- ions. For redox reactions, it's the number of electrons transferred per molecule.
Q4: Are molarity and normality ever equal?
A: Yes, for substances where each mole provides one equivalent (e.g., HCl in acid-base reactions with one H+ ion).
Q5: Why is normality less commonly used today?
A: While still useful, molarity is more straightforward for most applications, and IUPAC recommends molarity for general use.