1. What is Molarity?

Molarity (M) is a measure of the concentration of a solute in a solution, defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. It's one of the most commonly used units of concentration in chemistry.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the molarity equation:

Where:

• \( M \) — Molarity (mol/L)
• \( m \) — Mass of solute (g)
• \( MW \) — Molecular weight of solute (g/mol)
• \( V \) — Volume of solution (L)

Explanation: The equation converts mass to moles (by dividing by molecular weight) and then divides by volume to get concentration in moles per liter.

3. Importance of Molarity Calculation

Details: Accurate molarity calculations are essential for preparing solutions with precise concentrations, which is critical for experiments, chemical reactions, and analytical procedures.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter mass in grams, molecular weight in g/mol, and volume in liters. All values must be positive numbers. For best accuracy, use precise measurements.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's the difference between molarity and molality?
A: Molarity is moles per liter of solution, while molality is moles per kilogram of solvent. Molarity changes with temperature, while molality doesn't.

Q2: How do I find the molecular weight of a compound?
A: Sum the atomic weights of all atoms in the molecule. You can find atomic weights on the periodic table or from SigmaAldrich product specifications.

Q3: Can I use milliliters instead of liters?
A: Yes, but you'll need to convert mL to L (divide by 1000) before using the calculator.

Q4: What if my compound is a hydrate?
A: Include the water molecules in your molecular weight calculation (e.g., for CuSO₄·5H₂O, include 5 water molecules in the MW).

Q5: How precise should my measurements be?
A: For most laboratory work, measure mass to at least 4 significant figures and use an analytical balance for small quantities.